スペインの若者、ドイツに流れ込む
スペインやギリシアの若者の失業率はすさまじい数値になっている。
スペインでは５０％、ギリシアにいたっては６０％である。そこで多くの若者が失業率の一番低いドイツに多数、職を求めて流れ込んできている。
下記の記事は、こうしたスペインの若者の現状を紹介したもの。大学で教育を受けた者でも職がみつからない。だれかが言っているが、「７年前までは、ドイツが大きな問題児であり、スペインはブームに沸いていた」。
興味深いのは、国民性の違いである。ドイツに来たスペイン人はドイツ人の頑なで非社交的な態度、自分たちをみる視線に辟易としていることが、異口同音に語られている。確かに、ドイツ人とラテン系とではその国民性はものすごく異なっている。しかし、今回のこの問題は、ユーロ・システムが政策的にさらにPIIGSを追い込んでしまい、そしてベイルアウトを求めると、「すがっている。たかっている」と批判されるところにある。多数の国民から構成されるEUが、１つの共同体になるには、ドイツのメンバー国の外国人にたいする態度の
改善が不可欠であるように思う。そうでないと、「ポリティカル・ユニオン」など、絵に描いた餅に終わることだろう。
（この問題の前に、ドイツではトルコ人問題が長年にわたって生じている。）
（イギリス人、フランス人、イタリア人、ドイツ人・・・皆、独特の特徴があり、かなり容易に何人[なにじん]かが分かる。）
＊＊＊
Young Spaniards flock to Germany to escape economic misery back home
With youth jobless rates at 50% back home, graduates are heading for Berlin – but still grumble about the weather
Kate Connolly
The Observer, Sunday 7 July 2013
Juanjo Pujol works as baby-sitter and bartender in Berlin. Photograph: Timothy Fadek
When Dacil Granados turned up in Berlin a year ago and walked into her first German class, she was amazed to find almost all her classmates were fellow Spaniards. "They were all engineers, apart from an architect and myself," says the art historian. "All here, most rather reluctantly, for the same reason – to work."
Granados, 36, has just begun a job as an art history guide at one of Berlin's top tourist sites, the Pergamon Museum, ending a lengthy period of joblessness that started when she was made redundant from her job as a curator at a gallery of Catalan art in Madrid in December 2011. The Gran Canaria native is one of the estimated 80,000 young southern Europeans who are now arriving in Germany every year and who have been turning up in increasing numbers ever since the economic crisis began.
The Greek rate of youth unemployment now stands at more than 60%, Spain's is more than 50% and Italy and Portugal are at 40%. Germany, with its shortage of skilled workers, the highest employment level it has known for almost 25 years, and an ageing population, has become a magnet for this section of European society.
From Lisbon to Madrid, the Goethe Institute, the body representing Germany's cultural interests abroad, has reported a record uptake in its language classes, as growing numbers decide to learn German to set them up for the workplace. It is scrambling to find teachers to meet the demand.
Meanwhile, the job sections of advertisement websites are inundated with Spaniards, Portuguese and Italians offering to do everything from washing up to au pair jobs, often for just a few hundred euros a month.
In the first half of 2012, the number of emigrants from Spain to Germany was up on the same period of the previous year by 53%. Among Greeks the figure was 78% higher.
Germany's International Placement Service (ZAV), which is responsible for recruiting foreign workers to fill the gaps in the country's job market, is feverishly scouring southern Europe for skilled workers such as engineers and scientists, nurses and care workers.
"It's a huge sea-change, when you consider that just seven years ago German workers were being sent to work in Spain's then booming economy," Thomas Liebig, a migration expert with the OECD, told Die Zeit, referring to the time, not all that long ago, when it was Germany which was considered to be the sick man of Europe.
The ZAV and other recruitment agencies habitually deploy what they call lotse, or pilots, on assignments to southern Europe in the hope that they will bring back new labour, as well as those willing to take up a place in Germany's coveted apprenticeship system.
The agencies' recruitment drives often have the air of charm offensives about them, involving a map of Germany that is projected onto the wall, as well as a beginner's guide to life in a country many young southern Europeans have never even considered visiting, let alone working in, including how many breweries it has (1,300) and how many different types of bread (500), as well as reports about the weather, which is probably one of the hardest points about selling Germany to Iberians and Greeks.
"I certainly had never considered working in Germany before the crisis, and I knew very little about it," Juanjo Pujol, 28, told the Observer. "I grew up on Mallorca, surrounded by German holidaymakers, but I never thought that I'd find myself living among them in Germany."
He had always been told by his doctor and nurse parents that if he were to work hard at school and in his studies he would be set up for life. "But the opposite proved to be the case," he says.
・・・
