スペインの不良貸付の記録的な増大
いまだスペイン経済の低落の主要原因（失業率は２６．３％でギリシアに次ぐ）となった不動産の下落はとどまっていないことがスペイン銀行の発表で判明した。
貸付額に占める不良貸付(bad bank loan)の6月での比率は11.6% と記録的な高さになっている。
「バッド・バンク」はトロイカ側の要請により設立されている。これは売れない不動産物件（建設用地や未完成の開発物件など）を開発業者から買い上げ
る機関である。これにより不動産市場から不良物件を一掃することで、不動産市場の「健全化」を図ろうとするものである。
（日本も90年代の不況の主要因は不動産バブルの崩壊であった。不動産価格の急落は不動産業者・個人の投資家を倒産に追い込み、それは貸し手である銀行のバランス・シートも直撃した。やがて回復すると考え、不良資産は隠し続けられるも、回復はなく、1997年に大手銀行が政府にベイルアウトを申請するという事態に発展したのは周知のとおりである。銀行はBISの自己資本比率問題もあり、海外から一斉に引き上げるという措置をとった。これらのことは、日本経済の世界におけるプレゼンスを決定的に落とす結果を招いて今日に至っている。）
Bank of Spain figures show 'bad bank' loans rise to new high
June data shows fallout from the country's property crash is still ongoing as bad loans as a proportion of total credit hit 11.6%
Angela Monaghan and agencies
The Guardian, Monday 19 August 2013 19.09 BST
Spain's bad bank loans hit a fresh high in June, according to Bank of Spain figures that underscore the continued fallout from the country's property crash.
Bad loans as a proportion of total credit rose to a record 11.6% or €176.4bn (£150.5bn) in June, Bank of Spain data showed on Monday.
That was a rise from 11.2% in May as more households and smaller companies struggled with debt, and exceeded a previous peak of 11.4% in November.
Spain's banks have been hit particularly hard by bad property loans and the country is battling high unemployment, with a jobless rate of 26.3%.
There had been a slight fall in the bad debt ratio at the end of last year, when the country's so-called "bad bank" swallowed up large amounts of the toxic real estate that had brought down several Spanish banks.
The bad bank was set up by the government to fulfil one of the demands made by the eurozone countries providing a loan facility to Spain's banks. It deals with property left over from the housing construction bubble that burst in 2008, just as the credit crunch hit, and that lies at the root of Spain's protracted recession and high unemployment.
The bad bank receives building plots and unfinished developments from developers and will be expected to sell this stock at a profit over the next 10 to 15 years.
Spanish lenders' earnings were gutted last year by steep government-enforced provisions on properties and loans to developers in the wake of the crash. Those unable to cope were bailed out with European funds.
Some top lenders, including healthy ones such as BBVA, have said that bad debts with property-related businesses in particular could keep rising into the first quarter of 2014.
While the wider eurozone was confirmed as having emerged from its long recession last week, Spain's economy has continued to contract in recent months. But some economists believe the country could return to growth before the end of the year.
Germany, credited with providing much of the momentum for the single-currency bloc to exit from six quarters of recession, is expected to see a return to "normal and steady" growth rates in the second half of this year, according to an update from the Bundesbank on Monday. That follows the strongest growth in more than a year for Europe's largest economy in the second quarter, when GDP rose 0.7% compared with the first three months of the year.
The Bundesbank said in its latest monthly report that Germany, along with other eurozone member states, would benefit from record low interest rates set by policymakers at the European Central Bank. However, it noted that the ECB's forward guidance indicating rates would remain low did not preclude a rate hike should inflationary pressures build.
